DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
DATABASE
A database is an integrated, shared collection of data. it consists of both "end-user data', which includes raw facts of interest and 'metadata', which includes information a bout data which end- user data are managed and integrated. it is usually so large that it has to be stored on the secondary storage devices like disk or tapes. such data can be maintained as a collection of operating system files and stored in a database structure called data management system.
It needs an extensive programming for preforming simple data retrieval tasks.it is impossible to provide reports for the adhoc queries even by using the extensive programming language. it is difficult to perform changes in the existing database structure.
it is difficult to maintain the system administration because of the large number of files that are generated due to the extensive programming. security features are not enough. limited data sharing.
Database system
Database system are highly complicated and difficult to design. its development involves high cost which included both hardware and software.it required training for the user and programmer. it involves extensive conversion cost while moving from tradition file system to database management system.
Database approach
Database approach is a new method to develop a combined set of application system including data storage into the data storage into the database. the technique can be functional by using database management system or software system. this specifies operations like defining, creating, revising and database control. aside this it provides data retrieval, report generation, revising of data definition, data updation and application development.
Data model is a means of modelling data i.e., to give a shape to the data (or) to give a figure to the stored data. in simple words, data model can be defined as, "a collection high-level data description that hides many low-level storage details". it is generally a blueprints that specifies the necessary instructions for developing a database according to the end-user's requirements. theses blueprints are descriptive and graphical in nature, as they contain both textually description and aslo useful diagrams for illustrating the primary data elements of the systems. based on this blue print, it is very easy to develop a good database design irrespective of different views of data.
data dependence refers to the dependency associated with the data characteristics on its file structure. for instance, when the data of a particular field record is changed from integer to decimal then this change may required all the programs to be changed that access the data in the file structure. thus, when changes are made in the characteristics of data, they largely affect the application programs that access the data and aslo correct function of an application.
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